Survey of Anesthesiologists on Topical Vasoconstrictors and Intravenous Tranexamic Acid for Endoscopic Sinus Surgery.

Objectives: Topical vasoconstrictors and intravenous tranexamic acid (IV TXA) are safe and efficacious to decrease bleeding and improve the surgical field during endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). The purpose of this study was to investigate practice patterns, awareness of clinical evidence, and comfort levels among anesthesia providers regarding these hemostatic agents for ESS.

Methods: A total of 767 attending anesthesiologists, residents, and certified registered nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) at 5 United States academic centers were invited to participate in a survey regarding their experience with IV TXA and 3 topical vasoconstrictor medications (oxymetazoline, epinephrine, and cocaine) during ESS.

The humanized CD40 antibody SGN-40 demonstrates pre-clinical activity that is enhanced by lenalidomide in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia.

Antibody-based therapies, such as rituximab and alemtuzumab, have contributed significantly to the treatment of Chronic Lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The CD40 antigen is expressed predominantly on B-cells and represents a potential target for immune-based therapies. SGN-40 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody currently in Phase I/II clinical trials for indolent lymphomas, diffuse large B cell lymphomas and Multiple Myeloma.

Na+, K+-ATPase activity and subunit isoform protein abundance: effects of antenatal glucocorticoids in the frontal cerebral cortex and renal cortex of ovine fetuses.

We examined the effects of single and multiple maternal glucocorticoid courses on cerebral cortical (CC) and renal cortical (RC) Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity and protein isoform abundance in fetal sheep. Ewes received four dexamethasone or placebo injections in the single course (SC) groups, and the same treatment once a week for five-weeks in the multiple course (MC) groups. CC Na(+),K(+)-ATPase a(2)-abundance was higher (P<0.

Alemtuzumab induces caspase-independent cell death in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells through a lipid raft-dependent mechanism.

Alemtuzumab is a humanized IgG1 kappa antibody directed against CD52, a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol linked cell-membrane protein of unknown function. Herein, we demonstrate that alemtuzumab promotes rapid death of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells in vitro, in a complement and accessory cell free system. Using minimal detergent solubilization of CLL membranes, we found that CD52 colocalizes with ganglioside GM-1, a marker of membrane rafts.