Increased expression of neutrophil CD15 correlates with the severity of anterior ocular surface damage in type II diabetes mellitus.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased risk of ocular surface diseases in elderly. We consider neutrophil CD15 as a potential marker of ocular surface damage in type II diabetes mellitus patients.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate expression of neutrophil CD15 and correlate it with results of conjunctival impression cytology and routine objective anterior ocular surface tests (TMH, NIBUT, LLT, MGD) in T2DM patients.

Corrigendum: Dry eye disease severity and impact on quality of life in type II diabetes mellitus.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.

Dry eye disease severity and impact on quality of life in type II diabetes mellitus.

Aim: To assess the severity of dry eye disease (DED) in humans, its impact on quality of life (QoL) and to grade the damage incurred by the anterior ocular surface in patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Patients And Methods: Forty-six patients (mean age ± SD = 63.8 ± 6.

Evaluation and comparison of subjective and objective anterior ocular surface damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dry eye disease.

Purpose: To evaluate anterior ocular surface damage in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and dry eye disease in comparison to non-diabetic controls based on conjunctival impression cytology, objective scales (Efron, Oxford) and OSDI, to correlate vision-related quality of life with grades of squamous metaplasia in T2DM patients suffering from DED.

Methods: All participants underwent complete ophthalmologic examination including Shirmer test, TBUT, conjunctival/corneal staining (Oxford scheme), evaluation of conjunctival redness (Efron grading scale), and conjunctival impression cytology (Nelson's scale). The OSDI questionnaire was completed by both groups of patients to assess severity of DED and QoL.

Dry eye disease treatment: the role of tear substitutes, their future, and an updated classification.

Objective: The aim of this review is to summarize the results of a consensus meeting held by a group of experts in dry eye disease (DED) to discuss the importance of tear substitutes in the treatment of DED. The meeting focused especially on the main characteristics of lacrimal substitutes, the development of in vitro models to investigate DED pathophysiology and treatment, the importance of conducting rigorous clinical trials, the requirements of the upcoming European Legislation on medical devices, the advances in the formulation of safer preservatives, the peculiarities of treatment in younger subjects, and the importance of an updated terminology for lacrimal substitutes.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted using MEDLINE, with different combinations of pertinent keywords, depending on the subject under discussion, such as "dry eye disease"; "tear substitutes"; "in vitro models"; "ocular surface"; "clinical trials"; "European Regulation"; "preservatives" "younger patients".