High vapor pressure deficit drives salt-stress-induced rice yield losses in India.

Flooded rice is grown across wide geographic boundaries from as far north as Manchuria and as far south as Uruguay and New South Wales, primarily because of its adaptability across diverse agronomic and climatic conditions. Salt-stress damage, a common occurrence in delta and coastal rice production zones, could be heightened by the interactions between high temperature and relative humidity (vapor pressure deficit--VPD). Using temporal and spatial observations spanning 107 seasons and 19 rice-growing locations throughout India with varying electrical conductivity (EC), including coastal saline, inland saline, and alkaline soils, we quantified the proportion of VPD inducing salinity damage in rice.

Neglecting rice milling yield and quality underestimates economic losses from high-temperature stress.

Future increases in global surface temperature threaten those worldwide who depend on rice production for their livelihoods and food security. Past analyses of high-temperature stress on rice production have focused on paddy yield and have failed to account for the detrimental impact of high temperatures on milling quality outcomes, which ultimately determine edible (marketable) rice yield and market value. Using genotype specific rice yield and milling quality data on six common rice varieties from Arkansas, USA, combined with on-site, half-hourly and daily temperature observations, we show a nonlinear effect of high-temperature stress exposure on yield and milling quality.

Hypercoagulable states in renal transplant candidates: impact of anticoagulation upon incidence of renal allograft thrombosis.

Introduction: Although multiple studies of demographic variables have been associated with allograft thrombosis, these results are not routinely reproducible. Are ESRD patients with hypercoagulable states (HCS) (antithrombin III deficiency, protein S or C deficiency, activated protein C resistance, and anticardiolipin antibodies) at predictably greater risk for allograft thrombosis?

Methods: Between 1996 and 1999, all renal transplant candidates were screened for hypercoagulability risk factors [HRF] (multiple arteriovenous access thromboses, prior deep vein thrombosis, prior allograft thrombosis, collagen vascular disease, multiple miscarriages, diabetes, autoimmune disease, and Fabry's disease). HRF(+) candidates were then tested for HCS status.

Urinary tract infection associated with ureteral stents in renal transplantation.

OBJECTIVES: In the mid 1980s, ureteral stents were used in renal transplantation when ureteral injury had occurred. Subsequently, it was shown that routine ureteral stent placement at the time of transplantation reduced urological complications. We carried out a chart review on renal transplant patients and noted which patients developed urinary tract infections (UTIs) with stents in place, and whether these infections ultimately affected transplant outcome.

Allograft loss in renal transplant recipients with Fabry's disease and activated protein C resistance.

Introduction: Fabry's disease is associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events and rejection. Spontaneous thrombosis of a functioning cadaveric renal allograft in a recipient with Fabry's disease prompted prospective evaluation of all transplant candidates with Fabry's disease for hypercoagulability.

Materials And Methods: Transplant candidates with Fabry's disease were tested for hypercoagulability, analyzed for HLA-type and ABO group, and comorbid conditions suggestive of hypercoagulability.