induced trained immunity in macrophages confers heterologous protection against gram-negative bacterial infection.

can induce trained immunity in murine macrophages offering protection against repeat exposure during skin infection. Here we demonstrate that exposure can result in non-specific trained immunity in humans and mice, enhancing macrophage responsiveness and bacterial clearance in a heterologous challenge. In humans, the enhanced macrophage responsiveness was accompanied by metabolic changes and histone modification.

Improving survival and growth of caprine preantral follicles cultured in medium commonly used for MSC: Role of oxidative stress regulation and epigenetic changes.

This study evaluated the efficiency of in vitro culture of preantral follicles (PAF) in a commonly used medium for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) culture. Parameters assessed included follicle survival, growth, stromal cell density, levels of reduced thiols and reactive oxygen species, epigenetic changes, cell apoptosis, and mRNA abundance. Caprine ovarian tissues were cultured for 1 or 7 days in either PAF or MSC-common media, with uncultured tissues serving as controls.

Loss of synovial tissue macrophage homeostasis precedes rheumatoid arthritis clinical onset.

This study performed an in-depth investigation into the myeloid cellular landscape in the synovium of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), "individuals at risk" of RA, and healthy controls (HC). Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated the presence of a CD40-expressing CD206CD163 macrophage population dominating the inflamed RA synovium, associated with disease activity and treatment response. In-depth RNA sequencing and metabolic analysis demonstrated that this macrophage population is transcriptionally distinct, displaying unique inflammatory and tissue-resident gene signatures, has a stable bioenergetic profile, and regulates stromal cell responses.