Oxidative stress drives potent bactericidal activity of pyrazinamide against .

Pyrazinamide (PZA) is a critical component of tuberculosis first-line therapy due to its ability to kill both growing and non-replicating drug-tolerant populations of within the host. Recent evidence indicates that PZA acts through disruption of coenzyme A synthesis under conditions that promote cellular stress. In contrast to its bactericidal action , PZA shows weak bacteriostatic activity against in axenic culture.

Castor is a temporal transcription factor that specifies early born central complex neuron identity.

The generation of neuronal diversity is important for brain function, but how diversity is generated is incompletely understood. We used the development of the Drosophila central complex (CX) to address this question. The CX develops from eight bilateral Type 2 neuroblasts (T2NBs), which generate hundreds of different neuronal types.

Biosynthesis of mitis group streptococcal glycolipids and their roles in physiology and antibiotic susceptibility.

Bacterial cell surface components such as lipoteichoic acids (LTAs) play critical roles in host-microbe interactions and alter host responses based on their chemical structures. Mitis group streptococci have commensal and pathogenic interactions with the human host and produce Type IV LTAs that are slightly different in chemical structures between species. To reveal the molecular bases for the intricate interactions between MGS and human hosts, a detailed understanding of the structure and biosynthetic process of MGS LTAs is needed.

Centromeres are hotspots for chromosomal inversions and breeding traits in mango.

Chromosomal inversions can preserve combinations of favorable alleles by suppressing recombination. Simultaneously, they reduce the effectiveness of purifying selection enabling deleterious alleles to accumulate. This study explores how areas of low recombination, including centromeric regions and chromosomal inversions, contribute to the accumulation of deleterious and favorable loci in 225 Mangifera indica genomes from the Australian Mango Breeding Program.

Submandibular Gland Preservation in Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinomas: Our Analysis at A Tertiary Care Hospital.

Introduction: Surgical excision forms the principal treatment of oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. The comprehensive surgical management consists of Wide Local Excision of the tumor and Neck Dissection with removal of Submandibular gland. The submandibular gland accounts for 70-90 % of unstimulated salivary volume.