Objective: The aim: To find out the sources of origin, the chronology of ossification, the peculiarities of age-related topographical and anatomical changes in the bones of the human orbit.
Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The research was carried out on the specimens of 18 human embryos and prefetuses aged from 4th to 12th weeks of intrauterine development and 12 human fetuses aged from 4th to 9th months which were studied by microscopic examination and 3D reconstruction.
Results: Results: The first signs of osteogenesis around the main nervous and visceral contents of the orbit rudiment are observed in 6-week-old embryos in the form of seven cartilaginous bone models.
Objective: The aim: To find out the sources of formation and the chronological sequence of the morphogenesis of the maxilla at the early stages of human ontogenesis.
Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 14 series of consecutive histological specimens of human embryos and prefetuses (4,0-66,0 mm of parietal-coccygeal length) aged from 4 to 11 weeks of intrauterine development with the use of a complex of modern morphological methods of investigation (anthropometry, morphometry, microscopy, and 3D computer reconstruction) were studied.
Results: Results: On the basis of a complex of morphological research methods, data were obtained that made it possible to establish the general patterns of development of the human maxilla: separation of the pharyngeal apparatus (4th week), convergence and fusion of the jaw processes (5-8th weeks), formation of tooth buds (7-8th weeks), which allows considering the specified periods as critical in the formation of possible anomalies in the facial part of the skull.
Objective: The aim: To determine the sources and terms of origin, developmental peculiarities and dynamics of ossification of the mandible during the prenatal period of human ontogenesis.
Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The research was carried out on the specimens of 30 embryos, 30 pre-fetuses and 60 human fetuses at the period from the 9th to the 12th weeks of the intrauterine development, which were studied by microscopic examination. Three-dimensional computer reconstructions of the human pre-fetal head were made.
Objective: The aim: To study the topographic variability of the left and right mandibular canals in case of bone atrophy caused by the loss of the masticatory teeth.
Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: 136 digital scans were selected for morphometric analysis, 68 for each side taken with the Vatech PaX-i 3D Green extra-oral radiography system. The readout of absolute morphometric values, laying the left and right MC was performed in the projection of 3.
Objective: The aim: To evaluate the recent scientific articles concerning peculiarities of this oral pathology. The goal is to carry out a literature review by evaluating all signs and clinical symptoms related to this disease, so as to provide the clinician with a useful tool for an early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: The collection of relevant data were done using the scientific databases Pubmed, Google Scholar.