Impact of maternal smoking and secondhand smoke exposure during singleton pregnancy on placental abruption: analysis of a prospective cohort study (the Japan Environment and Children's Study).

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the association and population-attributable fraction (PAF) of maternal smoking and secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure during pregnancy with placental abruption.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: 15 regional centres in Japan.

Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 Knockdown Decreases Extracellular Matrix Synthesis via Autophagy Suppression in the Rat Intervertebral Disc.

Background: Transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) has been identified as a Ca-permeable channel and is activated under physiological mechanical stimulation in disc nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Meanwhile, the Ca-dependent AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mTOR pathway activates autophagy in notochordal cells. We hypothesized that TRPV4 is involved in the maintenance of intradiscal homeostasis via autophagy.

A Case of Tubulointerstitial Nephritis With Uveitis Diagnosed From Isolated Glucosuria Detected During School Urinary Screening.

We report a case of tubulointerstitial nephritis with uveitis (TINU) diagnosed from isolated glucosuria detected during school urinary screening. The patient was a 12-year-old girl in whom glucosuria was detected during school urinary screening using a dipstick; however, urinary protein and occult blood were negative. There were no preceding symptoms of infection or medication.

Effect of microemulsion system on water dispersibility and bioavailability of γ-oryzanol.

This study developed water-dispersible γ-oryzanol (WD-OZ) using microemulsion system and assessed their absorption in rats. While γ-oryzanol itself is hardly soluble in water, WD-OZ exhibited high water dispersibility, and γ-oryzanol, along with its metabolites, was detected in rat plasma. These findings provide a solid basis for future application of the microemulsion-based approach to enhance the bioavailability of γ-oryzanol in food.