Appearance time of blood in the brain as a possible indicator of oxygen extraction fraction: a feasibility study.

Background: Imaging examination of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and metabolic rate of oxygen is crucial for understanding the normal functioning and pathophysiology of the brain. A recently developed method estimates the appearance time of cerebral blood (ATB) pixel-wise from the imaging examination of CBF alone. In this study, we aimed to test the potential of ATB as an indicator of OEF.

Small animal PET with spontaneous inhalation of O-labelled oxygen gases: Longitudinal assessment of cerebral oxygen metabolism in a rat model of neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy.

Perinatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the leading cause of irreversible brain damage resulting in serious neurological dysfunction among neonates. We evaluated the feasibility of positron emission tomography (PET) methodology with O-labelled gases without intravenous or tracheal cannulation for assessing temporal changes in cerebral blood flow () and cerebral metabolic rate for oxygen () in a neonatal HIE rat model. Sequential PET scans with spontaneous inhalation of O-gases mixed with isoflurane were performed over 14 days after the hypoxic-ischaemic insult in HIE pups and age-matched controls.

Quantitative [Tc]Tc-MDP SPECT/CT correlated with [F]NaF PET/CT for bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the correlation between standardized uptake value (SUV) and volume-based parameters measured by quantitative [Tc]Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT and [F]-sodium fluoride ([F]NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in the assessment of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: The study included 26 male prostate cancer patients with confirmed or suspected bone metastases who underwent both [Tc]Tc-MDP SPECT/CT and [F]NaF PET/CT studies. Skeletal lesions visible on both SPECT/CT and PET/CT were classified as benign or metastases.

Fractal analysis of C-methionine PET in patients with newly diagnosed glioma.

Background: The present study tested the possible utility of fractal analysis from L-[methyl-C]-methionine (MET) uptake in patients with newly diagnosed gliomas for differentiating glioma, especially in relation to isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation status, and as compared with the conventional standardized uptake value (SUV) parameters.

Methods: Investigations of MET PET/CT were performed retrospectively in 47 patients with newly diagnosed glioma. Tumors were divided into three groups: lower grade glioma (IDH1-mutant diffuse astrocytoma and IDH1-mutant anaplastic astrocytoma), higher grade glioma (IDH1-wildtype diffuse astrocytoma and IDH1-wildtype anaplastic astrocytoma), and glioblastoma.

Texture indices of 4'-[methyl-C]-thiothymidine uptake predict p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: comparison with F-FDG uptake.

Background: In oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), human papillomavirus (HPV)/p16 status is important as a prognostic biomarker.

Purpose: We evaluated the relationship between 4'-[methyl-C]-thiothymidine (C-4DST) and F-FDG PET texture indices and p16 status in patients with newly diagnosed OPSCC.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the collected data of 256 consecutive, previously untreated patients with primary head and neck tumors enrolled between November 2011 and October 2019.