Direct synthesis of conjugated tetraenes from 1,3-enynes with 1,3-dienes.

New direct access to conjugated tetraenes has been achieved. A Ru(0)-catalysed reaction of 1,3-enynes with 1,3-dienes gives 1,3,5,7-octatetraene derivatives by formal regioselective insertion of the alkynyl group of 1,3-enynes into the terminal C-H bond in 1,3-dienes. With a silyl substituent on the alkynyl side in 1,3-enynes, the reaction regioselectively proceeds to give the linear cross-dimerisation product having the silyl group at the internal position.

Ten-Year Clinical Outcomes of Endoscope-Assisted Minimally Invasive Surgical Decompression for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis with Degenerative Spondylolisthesis and Comparison with Conservative Treatment.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the 10-year clinical outcomes of endoscope-assisted, minimally invasive surgical (MIS) decompression for lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSS) with lumbar degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS) and to compare the radiographic changes in patients who underwent this procedure with those who underwent conservative therapy at 10-year follow-up.

Methods: Between April 2007 and April 2010, 347 consecutive patients with DS and evidence of LSS underwent conservative treatment first from 2 to 4 weeks. The 114 patients who failed conservative treatment were then treated surgically by endoscope-assisted MIS decompression.

Ru(0)-catalysed cross-dimerisation and -trimerisation of alkynyl- with butadienylheteroarenes.

Ru(0)-catalysed cross-dimerisation and -trimerisation give a series of di- and triheteroaryl compounds cross-linked by π-conjugated trienyl groups. Their photochemical behaviour is studied using UV-visible absorption spectra, fluorescence emission spectra, and TD-DFT calculations. The cross-trimer prepared from 2,5-dialkynylthiophene with 2 equiv.

Cobalt-Catalyzed Divergent Cycloadditions of Alkynes with Conjugated Dienes Yielding 3-Vinylcyclobutenes, Bicyclo[3.1.0]hexenes, and Cyclohexa-1,4-dienes.

A traditional cobalt catalyst system still contains undiscovered reactivity. Depending on the tertiary phosphines and substrates used, the catalytic system using CoBr/tertiary phosphine/Zn/ZnI catalyzes divergent cycloadditions of internal alkynes with conjugated dienes, yielding 3-alkenylcyclobut-1-enes, bicyclo[3.1.

Simultaneous-onset infectious spondylitis with vertebral fracture mimicking an acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture erroneously treated with balloon kyphoplasty: illustrative case.

Background: Early balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) intervention for acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture (OVF) has been reported to be more effective than the conservative treatment. However, complications of early BKP intervention are still unknown.

Observations: A 71-year-old patient with OVF of L2 underwent BKP 2 weeks after symptom onset.