The Efficacy of Short-Term Toe Resistance Training in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Resistance training is effective in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, but its effect on toe pinch force (TPF) is unknown. This study was a randomized controlled trial conducted at three hospitals to investigate the effect of short-term toe resistance training on TPF in chronic hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes. The patients were randomly allocated to intervention (performed aerobic exercise and four toe resistance training exercises) and control (performed aerobic exercise only) groups.

The Association between Chronic Hemodialysis and Toe Pinch Force in Japanese Patients: Cross-Sectional Study.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the effect of chronic hemodialysis on toe pinch force (TPF). A total of 37 chronic hemodialysis patients without type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (age: 69.4 ± 11.

An exploratory study of relationship between lower-limb muscle mass and diabetic polyneuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: This exploratory study compared the lower-limb muscle mass (thigh muscle mass [TMM] and lower-leg muscle mass [LLMM]) in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN).

Methods: A total of 130 patients with type 2 diabetes, hospitalized for glycemic control, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. TMM and LLMM were measured using the bioelectrical impedance method.

Lymphoid tissue-resident Alcaligenes LPS induces IgA production without excessive inflammatory responses via weak TLR4 agonist activity.

Alcaligenes are opportunistic commensal bacteria that reside in gut-associated lymphoid tissues such as Peyer's patches (PPs); however, how they create and maintain their homeostatic environment, without inducing an excessive inflammatory response remained unclear. We show here that Alcaligenes-derived lipopolysaccharide (Alcaligenes LPS) acts as a weak agonist of toll-like receptor 4 and promotes IL-6 production from dendritic cells, which consequently enhances IgA production. The inflammatory activity of Alcaligenes LPS was weaker than that of Escherichia coli-derived LPS and therefore no excessive inflammation was induced by Alcaligenes LPS in vitro or in vivo.