Exploring patients' rights awareness and implementations amongst hospitalized patients in Northern Palestine: insights from a local perspective.

Background And Aim: Promoting ethical medical practices and preserving human rights principles require an understanding of patient rights. Studies show varying awareness levels among patients regarding their rights. This study aims to assess the level of awareness among patients in Palestine about their rights and the compliance of healthcare professionals.

Comparing explicit and implicit ensemble perception: 3 stimulus variables and 3 presentation modes.

Visual scenes are too complex for one to immediately perceive all their details. As suggested by Gestalt psychologists, grouping similar scene elements and perceiving their summary statistics provides one shortcut for evaluating scene gist. Perceiving ensemble statistics overcomes processing, attention, and memory limits, facilitating higher-order scene understanding.

Perceptual history biases in serial ensemble representation.

Ensemble perception refers to the visual system's ability to efficiently represent groups of similar objects as a unified percept using their summary statistical information. Most studies focused on extraction of current trial averages, giving little attention to prior experience effects, although a few recent studies found that ensemble mean estimations contract toward previously presented stimuli, with most of these focusing on explicit perceptual averaging of simultaneously presented item ensembles. Yet, the time element is crucial in real dynamic environments, where we encounter ensemble items over time, aggregating information until reaching summary representations.

Introduction: Medical Mobilities in the Modern Middle East and North Africa.

This themed section contributes to efforts to conceptualize medical mobility. It does so by observing medical histories within the Middle East while following concrete movements. This focus on what moves and how, rather than on largely static and fixed units of analysis on where to, is central to the studies in this issue.

Medicine and Arabic literary production in the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century.

The selection of nineteenth-century Arabic texts on medical education, medicine and health demonstrates the significant link between the revival of the Arabic language and literary culture of the nineteenth century, known as the , and the introduction of medical education to the Ottoman Empire. These include doctor Ibrahim al-Najjar's autobiographical account of his studies in Cairo (1855), an article by doctor Amin Abi Khatir advising on the health and care of infants (1877), questions and answers in the major popular Arabic journals and (1877-1901) and an article about a new tuberculosis treatment by doctor Anisa Sayba'a (1903). Taken together they contribute to our understanding of the bottom-up production, reproduction and reception of global scientific knowledge, as well as to a social and intellectual history of science.