Artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiography for the identification of a sex-related cardiovascular risk continuum: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Females are typically underserved in cardiovascular medicine. The use of sex as a dichotomous variable for risk stratification fails to capture the heterogeneity of risk within each sex. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence-enhanced electrocardiography (AI-ECG) model to investigate sex-specific cardiovascular risk.

Ventricular tachycardia substrate mapping: What's been done and what needs to be done.

Substrate mapping is an important component of electrophysiological (EP) study for the treatment of reentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT). It is used to detect characteristics of the electrical circuit and, in particular, the location and properties of the central common pathway, aka the isthmus, where multiple circuit loops can coincide. Typically, reentrant circuits are single or double loop, but as the common pathway size increases, 4-loop patterns may emerge, consisting of 2 parallel isthmuses or a single isthmus with 4 loops.

Reprograming of the ubiquitin ligase Ubr1 by intrinsically disordered Roq1 through cooperating multifunctional motifs.

One way cells control the speed and specificity of protein degradation is by regulating the activity of ubiquitin ligases. Upon proteotoxic stress in yeast, the intrinsically disordered protein Roq1 binds the ubiquitin ligase Ubr1 as a pseudosubstrate, thereby modulating the degradation of substrates of the N-degron pathway and promoting the elimination of misfolded proteins. The mechanism underlying this reprograming of Ubr1 is unknown.