Effect of unilateral partial facial paralysis on periosteal growth at the muscle-bone interface of facial muscles and facial bones.

In a previous study, the influence of the midfacial musculature upon growth and development of the maxilla and mandible was established macroscopically. Dry skull measurements revealed a reduced premaxillary, maxillary, mandibular, and anterior corpus length with a simultaneous increase in mandibular ramal height on the paralyzed side. It was demonstrated that these reduced premaxillary and maxillary lengths were among others the result of reduced nasofrontal growth, whereas the increased ramal height was accompanied by condylar growth alterations.

An unusual case of clitoral enlargement: its differential diagnosis and surgical management.

Clitoromegaly can be either congenital or acquired. The congenital forms are caused by hormonal disturbances or intersex states. Usually they are obvious at birth.

Toe tissue transfer for the reconstruction of digital injuries.

Based upon the reconstructive principle "Replace like with like", the first and the second toes have shown to be ideal to replace lost digital structures in congenital cases or in traumatic cases when reimplantation has failed. The aim of this paper is to present a series of 15 patients operated on in our department between 1988 and 1995. In this series, the value of toe transfer for replacement of lost digital structures is illustrated and critically analysed by means of the final functional result evaluation.

Mandibular condylar growth alterations after unilateral partial facial paralysis: an experimental study in the rabbit.

In a previous study in the rabbit, the authors defined the macroscopic growth alterations after unilateral partial facial paralysis. Dry skull measurements revealed a reduced premaxillary, maxillary, mandibular, and anterior corpus length with a simultaneous increase in mandibular ramal height on the paralyzed side. The authors hypothesize that these mandibular growth alterations are, among others, caused by alterations in condylar growth activity and that an altered occlusal relationship may be involved in the adaptive condylar growth response after facial paralysis.

Facial contour restoration in Barraquer-Simons syndrome using two free anterolateral thigh flaps.

Barraquer-Simons syndrome, or cephalothoracic lipodystrophy, is characterized by fat atrophy of an obscure pathogenesis involving the face and, eventually, the thoracic region. Simultaneously, fat hypertrophy of the lower extremities, a nephropathy, and complement anomalies may be observed. We presented two patients with the typical features of this disease, as well as a previously undescribed vascular and perivascular inflammation of the facial arteries and veins that caused problems with microvascular anastomosis.