Understanding the Role of Endothelial Cells in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms and Novel Treatments.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive neoplasm and the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Endothelial tissue plays a critical role in glioblastoma growth and progression, facilitating angiogenesis, cellular communication, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we present an up-to-date and comprehensive summary of the role of endothelial cells in glioblastomas, along with an overview of recent developments in glioblastoma therapies and tumor endothelial marker identification.

How I do it: repair of sternal fracture with bone graft and plating.

Described here is a technique of using bone graft and plating for fixation of traumatic sternal fractures with non-union. We recommend involvement of an orthopedic surgeon and consideration of bone graft use in sternal fractures where there is likely to be large gap between sternal edges.

Bilateral costal cartilage fractures sustained in the gym during repeated bench press exercises.

Costal cartilage fractures are common in high-energy blunt chest trauma but are frequently missed on imaging evaluation and accordingly underreported in the literature. In this report, we describe a case of a 32-year-old male who sustained bilateral costal cartilage fractures following repeated blunt trauma in the gym sustained during bench press exercises. The patient presented with a painful "clicking" of a rib in and out of place while bending or turning sideways.

Evaluation of the effects of three designs of oxygenators with integrated filters on clinical and haematological outcomes at an Australasian cardiothoracic unit.

Introduction: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) machines have oxygenators with integrated filters and unique biocompatible coatings to combat systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and mitigate coagulopathy. Contemporary oxygenators have undergone comparative studies; however, our study aimed to identify the most appropriate oxygenator for our regional Cardiothoracic unit in Australasia.

Methods: A prospective audit consecutively recruited one-hundred and fifty patients undergoing cardiac surgery at Waikato Hospital, New Zealand between the periods of 29th January 2018 and 31st July 2018.