From Microscale Interactions to Macroscale Patterns in Copepod-Crinoid Symbiosis.

Crinoids (Echinodermata) exhibit unique morphological and behavioral characteristics that facilitate a wide range of symbiotic relationships with diverse organisms. Our comprehension of their interactions with microscopic copepod crustaceans is, however, still in a nascent and fragmented state. Here, we review and discuss the 166 literature records to date in which a total of 39 copepod species in 6 families have been reported in association with 33 species of the crinoid order Comatulida.

[Syndrome dopamine dysregulation and deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease].

Aim: Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) is a complication of the dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD); it is manifested as a compulsive medication use and may have negative impact on patients' social, psychological, and physical functioning. An effect of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (DBS STN) on DDS is not fully understood. Therefore, the degree of DDS during DBS STN in PD patients was evaluated in the study.

[Pharmacotherapy accompanied by deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in patients with Parkinson's disease].

Aim: To analyze pharmacotherapy accompanied by deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus.

Material And Methods: The study included 54 patients, who underwent bilateral STN DBS from 2003 to 2012. The severity of motor disturbances, activities of daily living and complications of dopaminergic therapy were estimated in accordance with II, III and IV parts of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) before operation and one, three and four years after it.

[A comparative study of the efficacy of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus and pharmacological treatment in advanced Parkinson's disease].

Objective. To assess the clinical efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS STN) of the subthalamic nucleus in patients with Parkinson´s disease (PD) compared to pharmacological treatment. Material and methods.

[Study of a collection of Triticum spelta L. wheat species using gliadin polymorphism].

Using gliadins, endosperm storage proteins of kernels, as markers, the genetic diversity of 170 samples from the Triticum spelta L. collection of the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry was studied. High intraspecific polymorphism of the gliadin electrophoretic patterns was revealed.