Enhanced Neural Architecture for Real-Time Deep Learning Wavefront Sensing.

To achieve real-time deep learning wavefront sensing (DLWFS) of dynamic random wavefront distortions induced by atmospheric turbulence, this study proposes an enhanced wavefront sensing neural network (WFSNet) based on convolutional neural networks (CNN). We introduce a novel multi-objective neural architecture search (MNAS) method designed to attain Pareto optimality in terms of error and floating-point operations (FLOPs) for the WFSNet. Utilizing EfficientNet-B0 prototypes, we propose a WFSNet with enhanced neural architecture which significantly reduces computational costs by 80% while improving wavefront sensing accuracy by 22%.

LDDP-Net: A Lightweight Neural Network with Dual Decoding Paths for Defect Segmentation of LED Chips.

Chip defect detection is a crucial aspect of the semiconductor production industry, given its significant impact on chip performance. This paper proposes a lightweight neural network with dual decoding paths for LED chip segmentation, named LDDP-Net. Within the LDDP-Net framework, the receptive field of the MobileNetv3 backbone is modified to mitigate information loss.

Achieving a Near-Infrared Absorption by A-DA'D-A Type Isoindigo-Based Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Photovoltaics.

Isoindigo (IID)-based non-fullerene acceptors, known for their broad absorption spectra and high charge carrier mobilities, play a crucial role in organic photovoltaics. In this study, two A-DA'D-A type unfused ring acceptors (URAs), IDC8CP-IC and IDC6CP-IC, were designed and synthesized using cyclopentadithiophene (CPDT) and IID core units, each functionalized with different alkyl chains (2-hexyldecyl and 2-octyldodecyl), through an atom- and step-efficient direct C-H arylation (DACH) method. Both URAs, despite the absence of non-covalent conformation locking between CPDT and IID, demonstrated favorable molecular planarity, broad absorption ranges, low band gaps, and high molar absorption coefficients.

Transcriptome Reveals the Differential Regulation of Sugar Metabolism to Saline-Alkali Stress in Different Resistant Oats.

Background: Saline-alkali stress is a major factor limiting the growth of oats. Sugar is the primary carbon and energy source in plants which regulates plant development and growth by regulating enzyme activity and gene expression. Sucrose, glucose, and fructose are ubiquitous plant-soluble sugars that act as signalling molecules in the transcriptional regulation of various metabolic and defence-related genes.