Reflections on the opportunities and challenges of applying experience-based co-design (EBCD) to phase 1 clinical trials in oncology.

Background: Experience-Based Co-Design (EBCD) is a multi-stage participatory action research process which was developed originally to increase patient involvement in service improvement initiatives. This viewpoint article serves as a reflection on the researchers' experiences, focusing on the application and feasibility of participatory approaches, particularly co-design, in the specific context of early-phase clinical trials.

Methods: We reflect on the opportunities and challenges of applying EBCD in a new context of early-phase clinical trials in oncology where experimental treatments are increasingly perceived as a therapeutic option and, in certain instances, their efficacy may lead to accelerated approval facilitating a swifter integration into standard care.

Exploration of the Acceptance of the Use of Procalcitonin Point-of-Care Testing and Lung Ultrasonography by General Practitioners to Decide on Antibiotic Prescriptions for Lower Respiratory Infections: A Qualitative Study.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the acceptance and opinions of general practitioners (GPs) on the use of procalcitonin point-of-care and lung ultrasonography for managing patients with lower respiratory tract infections in primary care. We suppose that there are several factors that can influence the physician's antibiotic prescribing decision, and the implementation of a new tool will only be possible when it can be inserted into the physician's daily practice, helping him/her in the decision-making process.

Design: Semistructured interviews; data analysis using the grounded theory method.

Cryotherapy Produces Pain Relief in Young People with Primary Dysmenorrhea.

Primary dysmenorrhea is characterized as painful menstruation without associated pelvic disease and has been considered common among young people of reproductive age. Cryotherapy is a technique aimed at analgesia and anti-inflammatory action. The objective of this study was to analyze the analgesic efficacy of cryotherapy in sedentary youth with primary dysmenorrhea.

Bioavailability Enhancement and Food Effect Elimination of Abiraterone Acetate by Encapsulation in Surfactant-Enriched Oil Marbles.

Abiraterone acetate has limited bioavailability in the fasted state and exhibits a strong positive food effect. We present a novel formulation concept based on the so-called oil marbles (OMs) and show by in vitro and in vivo experiments that the food effect can be suppressed. OMs are spherical particles with a core-shell structure, formed by coating oil-based droplets that contain the dissolved drug by a layer of powder that prevents the cores from sticking and coalescence.

Targeting Keap1/Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurologic autoimmune disorder featured by chronic inflammation of the central nervous system, demyelination and axonal damage. Recently, the term "oxinflammation" has been proposed to depict the vicious circle of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress (OS). OS promotes demyelination and neurodegeneration directly, by oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA but also indirectly, by inducing a dysregulation of the immunity and favoring the state of pro-inflammatory response.