Ovarian cancer: origin and factors involved in carcinogenesis with potential use in diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of the disease.

Ovarian cancer representing the most lethal gynecologic malignancy escapes from the efforts to manage the disease. We reviewed the current state of the research considering three main concepts on origin of ovarian cancer including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, secondary origin from Müllerian system and cancer stem cell hypothesis. Cytogenetic and molecular characteristics of ovarian cancer are focused particularly on microRNA expression studies revealing huge potential in recent years, although other transcriptomic, proteomic, epigenetic, epidemiologic and immunological factors are touched upon, too.

[Ultrasound-guided intervention in the treatment of abdomino-pelvic advanced tumors].

Objective: The goal of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and safety of ultrasound-guided tru-cut biopsy in advanced abdomino-pelvic tumors in a sufficiently large cohort.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Oncogynecological Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Faculty Hospital of Charles University, Prague.

[Inactivation of BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 genes in sporadic ovarian cancer].

Objective: To analyze loss of heterozygosity (LOH), loss of expression and somatic mutations of BRCA1, BRCA2 and p53 genes in sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer samples.

Design: Original paper.

Setting: Oncogynecologic center, Clinic of Obstetrics and gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

[Detection of HPV DNA in lymph nodes in early stages cervical cancers].

Objective: Review recent knowledge concerning significance of detection of DNA HPV in regional lymph nodes in cervical cancer patients.

Type Of The Study: Literature review.

Setting: Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.

[Importance of chromosomal changes correlated to prognostic factors in ovarian and cervical malignant tumors].

Objective: The aim of the study was to estimate genetic changes detected in ovarian and cervical cancer cells, in correlation with other available clinical and histopathological parameters, with impact upon cancer prognosis.

Design: Original article.

Setting: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and General Teaching Hospital, Prague.