Nurse vs physician decision-making in the ED for short acting β2-agonist administration in pediatric asthma.

Objective: To evaluate triage nurses' clinical judgment in determining short acting β2-agonist bronchodilator therapy need for children with shortness of breath in the pediatric emergency department, without prior physician assessment.

Methods: This prospective study compared decision-making between triage nurses and physicians regarding bronchodilator inhalation therapy necessity. Trained nurses assessed children aged 2-18 with shortness of breath, including history-taking, vital signs, and lung auscultation.

Trust in scientists and their role in society across 68 countries.

Science is crucial for evidence-based decision-making. Public trust in scientists can help decision makers act on the basis of the best available evidence, especially during crises. However, in recent years the epistemic authority of science has been challenged, causing concerns about low public trust in scientists.

Perceptions of science, science communication, and climate change attitudes in 68 countries - the TISP dataset.

Science is integral to society because it can inform individual, government, corporate, and civil society decision-making on issues such as public health, new technologies or climate change. Yet, public distrust and populist sentiment challenge the relationship between science and society. To help researchers analyse the science-society nexus across different geographical and cultural contexts, we undertook a cross-sectional population survey resulting in a dataset of 71,922 participants in 68 countries.

Scaffolding informed consent.

The principle of respecting patient autonomy underpins the concept and practice of informed consent. Yet current approaches to consent often ignore the ways in which the exercise of autonomy is deeply epistemically dependent.In this paper, we draw on philosophical descriptions of autonomy 'scaffolding' and apply them to informed consent in medicine.

Sex-Based Differences in Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Management and Outcomes: An Update.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate sex-based differences in outcomes following ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repair, focusing on mortality, morbidity, and postoperative complications.

Design: Retrospective cohort study SETTING: Multi-institutional data from the Vascular Quality Initiative national database, covering a period from January 2003 to December 2022.

Participants: We included 7,548 patients undergoing open or endovascular repair for ruptured AAA: 5,829 men (77.