Validation of targeted next-generation sequencing of cell-free DNA from archival cerebrospinal fluid specimens for the detection of somatic variants in cancer involving the leptomeninges: Cytopathologic and radiographic correlation.

Background: Leptomeningeal metastases occur across multiple solid and lymphoid cancers, and patients typically undergo cytopathologic assessment of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in this setting. For patients diagnosed with metastatic cancer, the detection of actionable somatic mutations in CSF can provide clinically valuable information for treatment without the need for additional tissue collection.

Methods: The authors validated a targeted next-generation sequencing assay for the detection of somatic variants in cancer (OncoPanel) on cell-free DNA (cfDNA) isolated from archival CSF specimens in a cohort of 25 patients who had undergone molecular testing of a prior tumor specimen.

In-Hospital and One-Year Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients Requiring Supplemental Home Oxygen Use.

Background: There have been limited reports with inconsistent results on the impact of long-term use of oxygen therapry (LTOT) in patients treated with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: We compared in-hospital and intermediate TAVR outcomes in 150 patients requiring LTOT (home O cohort) with 2,313 non-home O patients.

Results: Home O patients were younger, and had more comorbidities including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes, carotid artery disease, lower forced expiratory volume (FEV) (50.

Extreme low-flow conditions in a dual-chamber denitrification bioreactor contribute to pollution swapping with low landscape-scale impact.

Denitrification bioreactors are an effective edge-of-field conservation practice for nitrate (NO) reduction from subsurface drainage. However, these systems may produce other pollutants and greenhouse gases during NO removal. Here a dual-chamber woodchip bioreactor system experiencing extreme low-flow conditions was monitored for its spatiotemporal NO and total organic carbon dynamics in the drainage water.

Intermediate Follow-Up of Balloon-Expandable Versus Self-Expanding Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Small Aortic Annuli.

The clinical impact of prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) in patients with small aortic annuli who underwent transcatheter aortic valve (AV) implantation with either balloon-expandable (BE) or self-expanding (SE) valves remains controversial. We assessed in-hospital and intermediate clinical outcomes in 573 patients with transfemoral transcatheter AV implantation with a small AV annulus, defined as an AV annulus area ≤430 mm. A total of 337 patients treated with a 23-mm BE valve (SAPIEN 3, Ultra) were compared with 236 patients treated with a 26-mm SE valve (Evolut series).

Amending woodchip bioreactors with corncobs reduces nitrogen removal cost.

Woodchip denitrification bioreactors are an effective agricultural practice to reduce nitrogen (N) export from subsurface drainage via the conversion of nitrate (NO) to nitrogen gas (N), but there are challenges associated with limited woodchip supplies and increasing prices. Previous lab studies indicate that corncobs could be a promising woodchip alternative from the perspectives of N removal rate and cost. This field study aimed to provide early performance and cost assessment of denitrification bioreactors with two woodchip-corncob treatments.