Biomarkers.

Background: Sleep-wake alterations are common symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease (AD) associated with faster cognitive decline. Noradrenaline dysfunction and neuroinflammation have been proposed as potential driving mechanisms. The ADIS project aims to study the relationship between sleep-wake patterns, immune signatures (peripheral blood cytotoxic lymphocytes), and noradrenergic markers across the AD spectrum.

Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 is required for pain signaling in human sensory neurons and mouse models.

Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 () gene mutations lead to an X-linked disorder that is characterized by infantile epileptic encephalopathy, developmental delay, and hypotonia. However, we found that a substantial percentage of these patients also report a previously unrecognized anamnestic deficiency in pain perception. Consistent with a role in nociception, we found that CDKL5 is expressed selectively in nociceptive dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons in mice and in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS)-derived human nociceptors.

[The landmarks of the measurement of cerebral blood flow].

History of the measurement of local cerebral blood flow may cover a period of one and a half centuries. Parallel forthcoming of both theoretical and technical development were the key elements of ensuing progress resulting in the present state, when by the aid of in vivo blood flow and metabolic maps, we can visualize locales of brain functioning and their interconnections. Two theoretical landmarks should be mentioned in this historic process.