[Immunity changes in liver echinococcosis].

A research is conducted over the Circulating immune complexes (CIC) of the T- and B- immunity blood cell systems. Statistical significant increase of the CIC is established and decrease of the T-lymphocytes, without changes in the B-lymphocytes count. The immunosuppressive effect of the echinococcosis over the T-lymphocyte system and the increase of the activity of the B-lymphocytes, without changes in their count is demonstrated.

[Medullary thyroid carcinoma--current surgical aspects. Overview and retrospective analysis of 22 cases].

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) accounts for 5% to 10% of all thyroid malignancies. Approximately 75% of cases are sporadic. Familial forms of medullary thyroid carcinoma account for the remaining 25% of cases--MEN IIa, MEN IIb and FMTC.

[Acute upper gastrointestinal tract haemorrhage: tactics and treatment].

Haemorrhage due to upper digestive tract diseases is one of the major complications and is relatively common. The cause for haemorrhage depend on the main disease and in many cases has complicated mechanism. The frequency is 100 cases over 100 000 people.

[Hartmann's operation--urgent operative technique in complicated colorectal cancer].

In 1923 the French surgeon Henri Hartmann described an operation for resection of a cancer in the distal sigmoid and upper rectum, resulting in a permanent sigmoid colostomy. In the subsequent years, the indications for performing the Hartmann procedure have broadened to include complicated diverticulitis, ischemic bowel, iatrogenic perforations, volvulus, and colitis. Hartmann's procedure is recognised by most colorectal surgeons to be a blunt but effective method of dealing with left-sided colonic emergencies.

[Current aspects in surgical treatment of benign adrenal cystic lesions].

Purpose: To determine the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy for benign cystic adrenal lesions.

Patients And Methods: 4 patients underwent retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy of benign cystic adrenal lesions at our center between March-September 2006.

Results: Retroperitoneal endoscopic adrenalectomy was successfully performed in all patents, no conversion was needed.