IFN-beta inhibits the ability of T lymphocytes to induce TNF-alpha and IL-1beta production in monocytes upon direct cell-cell contact.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL-)1beta, essential players in the pathogenesis of immuno-inflammatory diseases, are strongly induced in monocytes by direct contact with stimulated T lymphocytes. The present study shows that the latter mechanism is inhibited by interferon (IFN)-beta. In co-cultures of autologous T lymphocytes and monocytes stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), IFN-beta inhibited the production of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta by 88 and 98%, respectively, whereas the simultaneous production of IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), was enhanced two-fold.

Apolipoprotein A-I inhibits the production of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by blocking contact-mediated activation of monocytes by T lymphocytes.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), essential components in the pathogenesis of immunoinflammatory diseases, are strongly induced in monocytes by direct contact with stimulated T lymphocytes. This study demonstrates that adult human serum (HS) but not fetal calf or cord blood serum displays inhibitory activity toward the contact-mediated activation of monocytes by stimulated T cells, decreasing the production of both TNF-alpha and IL-1beta. Fractionation of HS and N-terminal microsequencing as well as electroelution of material subjected to preparative electrophoresis revealed that apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), a "negative" acute-phase protein, was the inhibitory factor.

Carbohydrate-mediated Golgi to cell surface transport and apical targeting of membrane proteins.

Polarized expression of most epithelial plasma membrane proteins is achieved by selective transport from the Golgi apparatus or from endosomes to a specific cell surface domain. In Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells, basolateral sorting generally depends on distinct cytoplasmic targeting determinants. Inactivation of these signals often resulted in apical expression, suggesting that apical transport of transmembrane proteins occurs either by default or is mediated by widely distributed characteristics of membrane glycoproteins.