Hsf1 and the molecular chaperone Hsp90 support a 'rewiring stress response' leading to an adaptive cell size increase in chronic stress.

Cells are exposed to a wide variety of internal and external stresses. Although many studies have focused on cellular responses to acute and severe stresses, little is known about how cellular systems adapt to sublethal chronic stresses. Using mammalian cells in culture, we discovered that they adapt to chronic mild stresses of up to two weeks, notably proteotoxic stresses such as heat, by increasing their size and translation, thereby scaling the amount of total protein.

SARS-CoV-2 convalescence and hybrid immunity elicits mucosal immune responses.

Background: Mucosal antibodies play a key role in the protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper respiratory tract, and potentially in limiting virus replication and therefore onward transmission. While systemic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 is well understood, we have a limited understanding about the antibodies present on the nasal mucosal surfaces.

Methods: In this study, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 mucosal antibodies following previous infection, vaccination, or a combination of both.

Altered cell function and increased replication of rhinoviruses and EV-D68 in airway epithelia of asthma patients.

Introduction: Rhinovirus (RV) infections constitute one of the main triggers of asthma exacerbations and an important burden in pediatric yard. However, the mechanisms underlying this association remain poorly understood.

Methods: In the present study, we compared infections of reconstituted airway epithelia originating from asthmatic versus healthy donors with representative strains of RV-A major group and minor groups, RV-C, RV-B, and the respiratory enterovirus EV-D68.

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Administration Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity and Loss in Physical Activity in Mice.

Doxorubicin (Doxo) is a widely used antineoplastic drug with limited clinical application due to its deleterious dose-related side effects. We investigated whether nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) could protect against Doxo-induced cardiotoxicity and physical dysfunction in vivo. To assess the short- and long-term toxicity, two Doxo regimens were tested, acute and chronic.

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Administration Triggers Macrophages Reprogramming and Alleviates Inflammation During Sepsis Induced by Experimental Peritonitis.

Peritonitis and subsequent sepsis lead to high morbidity and mortality in response to uncontrolled systemic inflammation primarily mediated by macrophages. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an important regulator of oxidative stress and immunoinflammatory responses. However, the effects of NAD+ replenishment during inflammatory activation are still poorly defined.