Evaluation of the effects of fenestration in Fontan circulation using a lumped parameter model.

Fenestration has been reported to enhance Fontan hemodynamics in several cases of Fontan circulation. However, the indication criteria for fenestration remain under discussion. To assess the effectiveness of fenestration in Fontan circulation, we conducted a theoretical analysis using a computational model of the fenestrated Fontan circulation.

A revised conceptual framework for mouse vomeronasal pumping and stimulus sampling.

The physiological performance of any sensory organ is determined by its anatomy and physical properties. Consequently, complex sensory structures with elaborate features have evolved to optimize stimulus detection. Understanding these structures and their physical nature forms the basis for mechanistic insights into sensory function.

An airway-to-brain sensory pathway mediates influenza-induced sickness.

Pathogen infection causes a stereotyped state of sickness that involves neuronally orchestrated behavioural and physiological changes. On infection, immune cells release a 'storm' of cytokines and other mediators, many of which are detected by neurons; yet, the responding neural circuits and neuro-immune interaction mechanisms that evoke sickness behaviour during naturalistic infections remain unclear. Over-the-counter medications such as aspirin and ibuprofen are widely used to alleviate sickness and act by blocking prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis.

Mid-term outcomes of Contegra implantation for the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract to proximal branch pulmonary arteries: Japan multicentre study.

Objectives: To reveal the mid-term outcomes of Contegra implantation for the reconstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract to proximal branch pulmonary arteries in a multicentre study.

Methods: Between April 2013 and December 2019, 178 Contegra conduits were implanted at 5 Japanese institutes. The median age and body weight at operation were 16 months (25th-75th percentile: 8-32) and 8.

Hunger enhances food-odour attraction through a neuropeptide Y spotlight.

Internal state controls olfaction through poorly understood mechanisms. Odours that represent food, mates, competitors and predators activate parallel neural circuits that may be flexibly shaped by physiological need to alter behavioural outcome. Here we identify a neuronal mechanism by which hunger selectively promotes attraction to food odours over other olfactory cues.