Prevalence and effect of pre-treatment drug resistance on the virological response to antiretroviral treatment initiated in HIV-infected children - a EuroCoord-CHAIN-EPPICC joint project.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the impact of pre-treatment drug resistance (PDR) on response to combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) in children. The objective of this joint EuroCoord-CHAIN-EPPICC/PENTA project was to assess the prevalence of PDR mutations and their association with virological outcome in the first year of cART in children.

Methods: HIV-infected children <18 years initiating cART between 1998 and 2008 were included if having at least one genotypic resistance test prior to cART initiation.

Normal Thymic Size and Low Rate of Infections in Human Donor Milk Fed HIV-Exposed Uninfected Infants from Birth to 18 Months of Age.

Objective. To evaluate the immune function in HIV-exposed uninfected (HIV-EU) infants fed human donor milk. Methods.

Genetical analysis of all Danish patients diagnosed with chronic granulomatous disease.

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare inherited disorder of the innate immune system caused by a defect in NADPH oxidase, leaving the granulocytes unable to kill invading microorganisms. CGD is caused by mutation in one of the five components gp91phox, p22phox, p47phox, p67phox and p40phox, encoded by the X-linked CYBB gene and the autosomal CYBA, NCF1, NCF2 and NCF4 genes respectively. We have collected samples from all Danish patients with known CGD followed in the clinic or newly diagnosed during a 5-year period, a cohort of 27 patients, and characterized them genetically.

Low thymic size in preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit, a possible marker of infection? A prospective study from birth to 1 year of age.

Aim: To study the growth of the thymus in preterm infants.

Methods: Ultrasonographic thymic size (Ti) was studied in 80 preterm infants (gestational age 24-36 weeks) from birth to discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Thirty-three of these infants were followed to 1 year of age.

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Denmark, 1994-2008.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe trends in the management of pregnancies in HIV-infected women and their outcomes over a 14-year period in Denmark on a national basis.

Methods: The study was a retrospective cohort study of all HIV-infected women in Denmark giving birth to one or more children between 1 June 1994 and 30 June 2008.

Results: We identified 210 HIV-infected women with 255 pregnancies, ranging from 7 per year in 1995 to 39 per year in 2006.