Discovery of Periodinane Oxy-Assisted (POA) Oxidation Mechanism in the IBX-Controlled Oxidative Dearomatization of Pyrroles Mediated by Acetic Acid.

The 2-iodoxybenzoic acid (IBX)-controlled oxidative dearomatization of pyrroles occurs very slowly (or not all) in many organic solvents, including DMSO in which IBX is soluble. Interestingly, although IBX is only partially soluble in acetic acid, this solvent mediates the pyrrole oxidative dearomatization. With the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we have discovered a new mode of reactivity, termed the periodinane oxy-assisted (POA) oxidation mechanism, which explains this observation.

Biodegradation of renewable polyurethane foams in marine environments occurs through depolymerization by marine microorganisms.

Accumulation of plastics in the Earth's oceans is causing widespread disruption to marine ecosystems. To help mitigate the environmental burden caused by non-degradable plastics, we have previously developed a commercially relevant polyurethane (PU) foam derived from renewable biological materials that can be depolymerized into its constituent monomers and consumed by microorganisms in soil or compost. Here we demonstrate that these same PU foams can be biodegraded by marine microorganisms in the ocean and by isolated marine microorganisms in an ex situ seawater environment.

Clean water supply vulnerability model for improving the quality of public health (environmental health perspective): A case in Spermonde islands, Makassar Indonesia.

Objective: This study aims to generate a clean water vulnerability model based on exogenous variables: accessibility, socio-economic, and population behavior to endogenous variables: occupancy density and water vulnerability to support the quality of public health in Spermonde island.

Methods: This research was conducted in three islands (Spermonde), namely Lae-Lae, Barang Caddi, and Lumu-Lumu. The research design is observational analytic with a cross-sectional approach.

Personal hygiene and bowls sanitation of meatball cart traders.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the personal hygiene and sanitation of food cutlery (bowl) on meatball cart traders at Makassar City.

Methods: This research using descriptive observational with non-probability sampling techniques and accidental sampling method.

Results: 80% respondents had good personal hygiene.

Bacteria contamination analysis on the hands and bowls of meatball cart vendors: an observational descriptive study.

Objective: To describe the presence of bacteria at the seller's hand of meatball vendors and cart meatball bowls.

Method: This is a descriptive study with an observational approach. Thirty mobile meatball vendors were recruited as participants.