[Cellular engineering in periodontology].

An overview of various cell engineering techniques being developed for modern conservative and reconstructive periodontology is presented. The accelerated development of cellular engineering technologies poses to medicine and, in particular, periodontics, the task of early implementation of the results of such experiments into patient management protocols. The main groups of promising techniques that are closest to practical healthcare are: isolation and use of stem cells; synthesis of biologically active (inductive) signaling molecules; development of scaffolds that ensure three-dimensional tissue growth.

Complex trait susceptibilities and population diversity in a sample of 4,145 Russians.

The population of Russia consists of more than 150 local ethnicities. The ethnic diversity and geographic origins, which extend from eastern Europe to Asia, make the population uniquely positioned to investigate the shared properties of inherited disease risks between European and Asian ancestries. We present the analysis of genetic and phenotypic data from a cohort of 4,145 individuals collected in three metro areas in western Russia.

Autoimmune hypothyroidism GWAS reveals independent autoimmune and thyroid-specific contributions and an inverse relation with cancer risk.

The high prevalence of autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIHT) - more than 5% in human populations - provides a unique opportunity to unlock the most complete picture to date of genetic loci that underlie systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity. Using a meta-analysis of 81,718 AIHT cases in FinnGen and the UK Biobank, we dissect associations along axes of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity. This largest-to-date scan of hypothyroidism identifies 418 independent associations (p < 5×10), more than half of which have not previously been documented in thyroid disease.

Oral and non-oral lichen planus show genetic heterogeneity and differential risk for autoimmune disease and oral cancer.

Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell-mediated inflammatory disease affecting squamous epithelia in many parts of the body, most often the skin and oral mucosa. Cutaneous LP is usually transient and oral LP (OLP) is most often chronic, so we performed a large-scale genetic and epidemiological study of LP to address whether the oral and non-oral subgroups have shared or distinct underlying pathologies and their overlap with autoimmune disease. Using lifelong records covering diagnoses, procedures, and clinic identity from 473,580 individuals in the FinnGen study, genome-wide association analyses were conducted on carefully constructed subcategories of OLP (n = 3,323) and non-oral LP (n = 4,356) and on the combined group.

Mechanistic Insights of Ethylene Polymerization on Phillips Chromium Catalysts.

Silica-supported chromium oxide catalysts, also named Phillips chromium catalysts (PCCs), provide more than half of the world's production of high- and medium-density polyethylenes. PCCs are usually prepared in the Cr(VI)/SiO form, which is subjected to reductive activation. It has been explicitly proven that CO reduces Cr(VI) to Cr(II) species that initiate ethylene polymerization; ethylene activates Cr(VI) sites as well, but the nature of the catalytic species is complicated by the presence of the ethylene oxidation products.