[Comparative effectiveness of ursodeoxycholic acid preparations in the treatment of biliary sludge].

Unlabelled: In the clinical classification of cholelithiasis, biliary sludge (BS) is distinguished as the pre-stone stage. Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is a drug with an evidence base for effective and safe effects on BS. The therapeutic equivalence of various UDCA drugs remains an important issue for clinical practice.

[Comparison of clinical-metabolic efficacy of pre- and probiotics in the conducted optimized protocols of eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection].

Unlabelled: Low patient compliance due to the development of adverse events in the form of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is considered as the main reason for the failure of the eradication of optimized anti-Helicobacter therapy regimens. A key mechanism for the development of AAD is to reduce the number and species diversity of bacteria that form butyric acid.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to study the comparative effect on the clinical effectiveness of eradication therapy (ET) of Helicobacter pylori infection and metabolic changes in the colon microbiota of additional inclusion in the optimized treatment regimen of the combined prebiotic Zakofalk (inulin + butyrate) with probiotics (lacto- and bifidobacteria in an amount of at least 1017 СFU).

Investigation of Classical Organic and Ionic Liquid Cosolvents for Early-Stage Screening in Fragment-Based Inhibitor Design with Unrelated Bacterial and Human Dihydrofolate Reductases.

Drug design by methods such as fragment screening requires effective solubilization of millimolar concentrations of small organic compounds while maintaining the properties of the biological target. We investigate four organic solvents and three 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIm)-based ionic liquids (ILs) as cosolvents to establish conditions for screening two structurally unrelated dihydrofolate reductases (DHFRs) that are prime drug targets. Moderate concentrations (10%-15%) of cosolvents had little effect on inhibition of the microbial type II R67 DHFR and of human DHFR (hDHFR), while higher concentrations of organic cosolvents generally decreased activity of both DHFRs.

Fragment-based design of symmetrical bis-benzimidazoles as selective inhibitors of the trimethoprim-resistant, type II R67 dihydrofolate reductase.

The continuously increasing use of trimethoprim as a common antibiotic for medical use and for prophylactic application in terrestrial and aquatic animal farming has increased its prevalence in the environment. This has been accompanied by increased drug resistance, generally in the form of alterations in the drug target, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). The most highly resistant variants of DHFR are known as type II DHFR, among which R67 DHFR is the most broadly studied variant.