Evolution of sex differences in cooperation can be explained by trade-offs with dispersal.

Explaining the evolution of sex differences in cooperation remains a major challenge. Comparative studies highlight that offspring of the more philopatric sex tend to be more cooperative within their family groups than those of the more dispersive sex but we do not understand why. The leading "Philopatry hypothesis" proposes that the more philopatric sex cooperates more because their higher likelihood of natal breeding increases the direct fitness benefits of natal cooperation.

Building pondscapes for amphibian metapopulations.

The success of ponds constructed to restore ecological infrastructure for pond-breeding amphibians and benefit aquatic biodiversity depends on where and how they are built. We studied effects of pond and landscape characteristics, including connectivity, on metapopulation dynamics of 12 amphibian species in Switzerland. To understand the determinants of long-term occupancy (here summarized as incidence), environmental effects on both colonization and persistence should be considered.

Society of Critical Care Medicine Guidelines on Glycemic Control for Critically Ill Children and Adults 2024.

Rationale: Maintaining glycemic control of critically ill patients may impact outcomes such as survival, infection, and neuromuscular recovery, but there is equipoise on the target blood levels, monitoring frequency, and methods.

Objectives: The purpose was to update the 2012 Society of Critical Care Medicine and American College of Critical Care Medicine (ACCM) guidelines with a new systematic review of the literature and provide actionable guidance for clinicians.

Panel Design: The total multiprofessional task force of 22, consisting of clinicians and patient/family advocates, and a methodologist applied the processes described in the ACCM guidelines standard operating procedure manual to develop evidence-based recommendations in alignment with the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach (GRADE) methodology.

Evaluation of nursing process competencies, nursing quality, and patient safety using virtual simulation with debriefing: A quasi-experimental study.

Background: Investing in clinical education is important for adult urgent and emergency surgery and traumatology as it promotes registered nurses' competencies by providing professional development training to respond to urgent or emergency surgeries.

Objective: To examine registered nurses' self-assessment of the effects of virtual video simulation with an immediate debriefing approach on nursing process competencies, nursing care quality, incomplete care, and patient safety in surgical units.

Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental two-group pre- and post-test design.