Transesophageal echocardiography for detection of cardiac diseases in patients with retinal artery occlusion.

Objective: We analyzed the usefulness of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for detection of cardiac diseases in patients with retinal artery occlusion (RAO).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 22 consecutive patients with acute RAO. The patients had been evaluated by conventional studies, including transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and TEE.

Symptomatic solitary xanthogranuloma occupying the cavernous sinus. Case report.

The authors report the first case of a solitary xanthogranuloma of the cavernous sinus without systemic manifestation. A 43-year-old woman experienced decreased visual acuity on the right side in association with papilledema and a visual field defect. She was alert and no other neurological sign was observed.

Vascular and glial changes in the retrolaminar optic nerve in glaucomatous monkey eyes.

Vascular and glial changes of the retrolaminar optic nerve were studied in monkey eyes with increased intraocular pressure (IOP) from 1 to 4 years and with different stages of optic nerve atrophy. In histological cross-sections of retrolaminar optic nerves of 11 rhesus and 6 cynomolgus monkeys the entire area, number of axons and vessels and area of pial septa were quantitated and three different kinds of nerve degeneration classified. Ultrathin sections of these different stages were performed and the number of open and occluded vessels was determined.

[Etiological studies on 17 cases of retinal artery occlusion and 16 cases of amaurosis fugax].

Here we present etiological studies on 17 patients (12 males, 5 females, mean age 64 +/- 13 years) with central retinal artery occlusion and branch retinal artery occlusion, and 16 patients (8 males, 8 females, mean age 62 +/- 13 years) with amaurosis fugax who were admitted to our hospital between April 1993 and May 1997. In all patients, carotid ultrasonography and cerebral angiography were performed to clarify the extent of carotid artery disease ipsilateral to the retinal artery occlusion and amaurosis fugax. All patients had clinical assessment of cardiac function and electrocardiogram, and most patients had transthoracic echocardiography, and transesophageal echocardiography as they were required.

Choroidal ganglion cell plexus and retinal vasculature in monkeys with laser-induced glaucoma.

The choroid of primates possesses an elaborate nitrergic nerve fiber plexus containing a great number of ganglion cells. Postganglionic nerve fibers innervate mainly the choroidal vasculature. In addition, the choroid contains an elastic muscular system closely associated to the vasculature.