Flux Calculation for Primary Metabolism Reveals Changes in Allocation of Nitrogen to Different Amino Acid Families When Photorespiratory Activity Changes.

Photorespiration, caused by oxygenation of the enzyme Rubisco, is considered a wasteful process, because it reduces photosynthetic carbon gain, but it also supplies amino acids and is involved in amelioration of stress. Here, we show that a sudden increase in photorespiratory activity not only reduced carbon acquisition and production of sugars and starch, but also affected diurnal dynamics of amino acids not obviously involved in the process. Flux calculations based on diurnal metabolite profiles suggest that export of proline from leaves increases, while aspartate family members accumulate.

-FISH Evaluation Algorithm: Proposal of a Simplified Method.

MET amplifications (METamp) occur in 5% of NSCLC and represent in most case mechanisms of resistance to ALK and/or EGFR-targeted therapies. METamp detection can be performed using different techniques, although Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (FISH) remains the gold-standard, especially in the context of subclonality. To date current evaluation algorithms of MET amplifications are time consuming.

Teenage-Onset Colorectal Cancers in a Digenic Cancer Predisposition Syndrome Provide Clues for the Interaction between Mismatch Repair and Polymerase δ Proofreading Deficiency in Tumorigenesis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) in adolescents and young adults (AYA) is very rare. Known predisposition syndromes include Lynch syndrome (LS) due to highly penetrant MLH1 and MSH2 alleles, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), constitutional mismatch-repair deficiency (CMMRD), and polymerase proofreading-associated polyposis (PPAP). Yet, 60% of AYA-CRC cases remain unexplained.

Alveolar echinococcosis as a cause of vertebral osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection with recurrent cutaneous fistula formation.

Echinococcus multilocularis is endemic in Germany. However, alveolar echinococcosis is a rare disease. Most commonly the parasite affects the liver, behaving like a malignant tumour.

[Hereditary colon cancer in Lynch syndrome/HNPCC syndrome in Germany].

Background: Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch/HNPCC syndrome) is based on a germline mutation inducing increased occurrence of colorectal cancer and extracolonic carcinomas in young age. The German HNPCC consortium aims to increase awareness for detection of hereditary colon cancer among patients and physicians.

Objectives: Reliable detection of HNPCC patients is based on a thorough documentation of patients' medical history and on further diagnostics delivered by human genetics and surgical pathology.