Human health risks from mercury exposure from broken compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs).

Human health risk to infants/toddlers and adults was evaluated based on two exposure scenarios from compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) breakage; first in a room with no ventilation and no clean-up, and second in a room with adequate ventilation and clean-up. Concentration data from multiple exposure scenarios tested in a study by Stahler et al. (2008) were compared to human toxicity benchmarks to calculate hazard quotients.

The use of myocardial and testicular end points as a basis for estimating a proposed tolerable daily intake for sodium monofluoroacetate (1080).

This paper presents the development of a tolerable daily intake (TDI) for sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) using the quantal myocardial and testicular toxicity end points derived from the traditional NOAEL and newer benchmark dose (BMD) methods. 1080 is a highly toxic vertebrate pesticide that has been proven to be effective in controlling possums and other pests. By convention, the TDIs are derived using the traditional no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and applying appropriate default uncertainty factors (UF).

A benchmark dose analysis for sodium monofluoroacetate (1080) using dichotomous toxicity data.

The use of a benchmark dose (BMD) as an alternative to a no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) approach was investigated as a means to improve current risk assessment values of sodium monofluoroacetate (1080). The feasibility of implementing the two approaches was investigated for three critical toxicological end points, namely cardiomyopathy, testicular toxicity and teratogenic effects identified from the few available critical studies. The BMD provides better representation of the dose-response relationship, offering an advantage over the current NOAEL approach.