Brain metabolic profile assessed by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in ‎‎children with Down syndrome: Relation to intelligence quotient.

Background: Down syndrome (DS) is one of the most common causes of intellectual disability. Children with DS have varying intelligence quotient (IQ) that can predict their learning abilities.

Aim: To assess the brain metabolic profiles of children with DS and compare them to standard controls, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and correlating the results with IQ.

A Global Analysis of National Dietary Guidelines on Plant-Based Diets and Substitutions for Animal-Based Foods.

Discussing plant-based diets and substitutions for animal-based foods in food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) can be a key step in making dietary recommendations more sustainable and healthy as well as more inclusive. The existing large-scale evaluations of FBDGs do not assess whether and to what extent countries cover the broad spectrum of plant-based diets and have policy positions on vegetarian diets, including vegan diets, and whether they mention specific plant-based alternatives to milk, dairy products, and meat. The main aim of this state-of-the-art review was to determine whether and how FBDGs provide such information.

Combining Deep Learning With Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging to Determine Scalp Hair and Follicle Counts.

Background And Objectives: One of the challenges in developing effective hair loss therapies is the lack of reliable methods to monitor treatment response or alopecia progression. In this study, we propose the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and automated deep learning to non-invasively evaluate hair and follicle counts that may be used to monitor the success of hair growth therapy more accurately and efficiently.

Study Design/materials And Methods: We collected 70 OCT scans from 14 patients with alopecia and trained a convolutional neural network (CNN) to automatically count all follicles present in the scans.

Optical Coherence Tomography in the Evaluation of the Scalp and Hair: Common Features and Clinical Utility.

Background And Objective: Early diagnosis and treatment of hair loss disorders is vital in providing patients with improved psychological outcomes. Non-invasive imaging with optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be useful in characterizing and managing alopecia. Despite expanding clinical applications of OCT in dermatology, guidelines demonstrating in vivo features of normal and alopecic scalp images remain scant.