Imaging Features of Hypertrophic Olivary Degeneration.

Hypertrophic olivary degeneration (HOD) is a unique form of transneuronal degeneration caused by a disruption of the dentato-rubro-olivary pathway, also known as the triangle of Guillain-Mollaret. The triangle of Guillain-Mollaret is involved in fine voluntary motor control and consists of both the inferior olivary nucleus and the red nucleus on one side and the contralateral dentate nucleus. Clinically, patients classically present with symptomatic palatal myoclonus.

Atretic Cephalocele.

A 1-year-old girl was referred to the neurosurgery department. The patient presented with a swelling on the vertex of the head which was present at birth but increased gradually over time. There were no perinatal problems and the child developed normally.