Severe bicycling injury risk factors in children and adolescents: a case-control study.

Background: Bicycling is the most common cause of sports and recreation injury in children and adolescents; yet, there is limited evidence on the factors associated with severe bicycling injuries in youth.

Methods: Case-control study of injured bicyclists less than 18 years old seen in seven emergency departments (EDs) from May 2008 to October 2010. Cases were bicyclists hospitalized after their ED visit (severe injury).

Visual evoked responses in patients with multiple sclerosis.

The visual evoked response (VER) was evaluated in a series of multiple sclerosis patients and normal subjects. The data showed significant delays in wave peak latencies among the patient evoked responses. The prolonged latencies correlated closely with visual impairment; however, even patients with a previous history of visual impairment, but with no deficits noticeable on examination at the time of study, showed a delay in wave peak latencies.