Mining Biosynthetic Gene Clusters in by Interference Competition Network and Genome Analysis.

is a non-starter lactic acid bacterium (LAB) of interest in the dairy industry for biopreservation. This study investigated the interference competition network and the specialized metabolites biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) content in this LAB in order to explore the relationship between the antimicrobial properties and the genome content. Network analysis revealed that the potency of inhibition tended to increase when the inhibition spectrum broadened, but also that several strains exhibited a high potency and narrow spectrum of inhibition.

Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics by race: Analysis of a peginterferon β-1a phase 1 study.

Background: Black/African American participants are underrepresented in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis but can experience a greater burden of disease than other racial groups in the United States. A phase 1, open-label, crossover study that demonstrated bioequivalence of subcutaneous and intramuscular injection of peginterferon β-1a in healthy volunteers enrolled similar proportions of Black and White participants, enabling a post hoc subgroup analysis comparing these groups.

Methods: Peginterferon β-1a (125 μg) was administered by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, followed by a washout period before a second injection using the alternative method.

Peginterferon beta-1a concentrations in breast milk of lactating multiple sclerosis patients.

Background: Peginterferon beta-1a is an interferon beta-1a formulation that has been pegylated, resulting in a longer half-life than other interferon beta formulations. We examined concentrations of peginterferon beta-1a in breast milk of lactating patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) receiving peginterferon beta-1a as their postpartum disease-modifying therapy.

Methods: After completion of titration to a full dose of peginterferon beta-1a and following a single full dose peginterferon beta-1a injection (125 µg), breast milk samples (≥10 mL) were collected by 5 women on days 1-14 post injection.

Identification of Potential Citrate Metabolism Pathways in .

In the present study, we describe the identification of potential citrate metabolism pathways for the lactic acid bacterium (LAB) . A phenotypic assay indicated that four of six strains showed weak (Cm 6-1 and ATCC 35586) or even delayed (Cm 3-1 and Cm 5-1) citrate utilization activity. The remaining two strains, Cm 4-1 and Cm 1-2 gave negative results.

Bioequivalence of intramuscular and subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a: results of a phase I, open-label crossover study in healthy volunteers.

Background: Peginterferon beta-1a administered every 2 weeks subcutaneous (SC) injection is approved to treat adult patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS). However, associated injection site reactions (ISRs) can lead to treatment discontinuation. Prior studies with interferon beta-1a reported a lower frequency of ISRs with intramuscular (IM) administration than with SC administration.