Association Between Social Determinants of Health and Concussion Among High School Students in the United States.

We examined the association between social determinants of health and the likelihood of sustaining a concussion among adolescents. Participants in this cross-sectional study were 7164 high school students who completed the 2021 Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (52.7% girls; mean age = 16.

Autoactive CNGC15 enhances root endosymbiosis in legume and wheat.

Nutrient acquisition is crucial for sustaining life. Plants develop beneficial intracellular partnerships with arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and nitrogen-fixing bacteria to surmount the scarcity of soil nutrients and tap into atmospheric dinitrogen, respectively. Initiation of these root endosymbioses requires symbiont-induced oscillations in nuclear calcium (Ca) concentrations in root cells.

Accelerating the Future of Oncology Drug Development: The Role of Consortia in the Delivery of Precision Oncology Early Phase Clinical Trials.

Purpose: Over the past 15 years, the landscape of early phase clinical trials (EPCTs) has undergone a remarkable expansion in both quantity and intricacy. The proliferation of sites, trials, sponsors, and contract research organizations has surged exponentially, marking a significant shift in research conduct. However, EPCT operations suffer from numerous inefficiencies, such as cumbersome start-up processes, which are particularly critical when drug safety and the recommended phase II dose need to be established in a timely manner.

Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A virus replication in ex vivo cultures of bovine mammary gland and teat tissues.

Since early 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses have been causing outbreaks in dairy cattle in the United States. Here, we compared the replicative capacity of A/dairy cattle/Texas/24-008749-001/2024 (H5N1; Cow-H5N1) isolated from a dairy cow, A/chicken/Ghana/AVL-76321VIR7050-39/2021 (H5N1; Chicken-H5N1) isolated from a chicken, and a human H1N1 2009 pandemic virus in ex vivo explant cultures of mammary gland and teat from lactating cows. We also examined the expression of influenza virus receptors in these organs.

Multiple ovulation was positively associated with milk yield independently of circulating progesterone concentrations in multiparous high-producing Holstein cows submitted to Double-Ovsynch.

The present study aimed to determine the relationship between circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations and milk yield during the ovulatory follicular wave on the proportion of multiple ovulation in multiparous high-producing Holstein cows (n = 1,345). First-service multiparous cows submitted to a Double-Ovsynch program (GnRH; 7 d later, PGF; 3 d later, GnRH; 7 d later, GnRH [G1]; 7 d later, PGF [PG1]; 1 d later, PGF; ~32 h later, GnRH [G2]; ~16 h later, timed AI [TAI]) were used. To assess ovulatory response and proportion of multiple ovulation (MOV), ovarian ultrasonography examinations were performed at G1 (n = 1,215) and G2 (n = 1,345) and from 40 to 48 h after each GnRH.