Changes in LEND trainees' understanding and application of diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice principles.

Objectives: To assess changes in trainees' knowledge and application of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Justice (DEIJ) concepts after participating in a midwestern academic medical center Leadership Education in Neurodevelopmental and Related Disabilities (LEND) program. LEND is a federally funded year-long program training individuals of various disciplines (e.g.

Towards a Clinically Relevant Appreciation of the Cost of Caring: A Study of Palliative Care Physicians in Malaysia.

The cost of caring for patients and their families in the midst of interconnected resource, ethical, moral, legal and practical considerations compromises a physician's emotional and physical well-being and therefore patient care. Whilst the cost of caring is historically best associated with compassion fatigue, data has suggested that this may extend to other related concepts, such as vicarious trauma, secondary traumatic stress and burnout. In particular, palliative care physicians are especially vulnerable as they witness and encounter more cases of death and dying.

Dynamic coupling of maternal sensitivity and toddlers' responsive/assertive behaviors predicts children's behavior toward peers during the preschool years.

We examined the extent to which dynamic coupling of (a) maternal sensitivity and (b) children's responsive and assertive behaviors toward mothers during a semistructured play session predicts children's responsive and assertive behavior toward an unfamiliar peer at 39 months and a close friend at 58 and 66 months. Maternal and child behaviors were rated in 30-s epochs during play when children were 32 months old (Time 1; = 128; 66 girls). Children were rated on their responsiveness and assertiveness toward an unfamiliar peer in the early preschool years (Time 2) and toward a friend in the late preschool years (Time 3).