[An ergonomic and work physiology assessment of the risk factors for the musculoskeletal system in jobs performed by women].

The purpose of the present work is to study the relation between the characteristics of the work activity and especially the parameters of the working posture and work place as well as the complaints of the musculoskeletal system (MSS) among professions where women are mainly engaged. The object of the study were 3 professional group: 1st group--telephone operators on video display (VD), IInd group--hairdressers and IIIrd group--television (TV) tuners. For the investigation was used inquiry-questionnaire for MSS complaints, which includes localization and type of the complaints, subjective evaluation of the working posture, organization and arranging the working place.

[Occupational hygiene in industrial assembly work].

Data on occupational hygienic characteristics of industrial-assembly work are reported, which have not been subject upto now to such studies. Complex hygienic evaluation of the basic physical and chemical factors of the working environment is performed as well as physiological and ergonomic characteristics of the principle professional groups, analysis of the occupational diseases and diseases with temporary disability and clinic and laboratory examinations on the workers. The following peculiarities of occupational hygienic aspect are established: 1.

M-response latencies changes as a tool for studying neuromuscular conduction during cyclic maximal voluntary contractions.

M-response changes during cyclic maximal isometric voluntary forearm flexions were studied using a new method based on the following: 1) Monopolar stimulation of terminal motor point of the brachial biceps muscle by large surface electrodes; 2) Monopolar leading-off by a surface electrode placed on the middle between motor endplates and muscle fibers end; 3) Arm and forearm immobilization; 4) Averaging of M-response triggered by the stimulus during contraction; and 5) Latencies to the peak of negative (L1) and of final positive phase (L2) and peak-to-peak amplitude (PTPA) were measured, and peak-to-peak time (PTPT), which reflected muscle conduction velocity and leading-off electrode-to-end of fibers distance was calculated. Four cycles of 30-s contraction and 5-min rest were performed. Eight M-responses were evoked with a 1 Hz frequency starting from 5th s of the cycle.

[Changes in neuropsychic activities during work in clean rooms].

In clean rooms of the system of electronics are carried out work-physiological examinations on two basic professional groups--working in photolithography and operators. At the end of the workings day a considerable prolongation of the sensomotor reactions and deterioration of the dynamometric indices, characterizing the functional status of the neuro-muscular system were found. The time for performing the complex sensomotor reactions (choice of reaction) remains unchanged.

[Physiological, psychological and ergonomic research on jobs in the manufacture of chocolate products].

The investigations include job description and analysis of the activity, functional examinations of basic dynamometric indices (muscle strength and endurance of static effort), the pulse rate and the time of carrying out of one operation and for manufacturing of unit product. Psychological tests for subjective evaluation of the stress and monotony, the type and rate of vertigo, of the psychic status in the presence of monotony, are applied. The ergonomic analysis comprises evaluation of the work place work posture and equipment.