[239Pu and chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes].

The genome status in somatic cells was assessed using the chromosomal aberration (CA) test in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 194 plutonium workers exposed to occupational radiation mainly from low-transportable compounds of airborne 230Pu. Pu body burden at the time of cytogenetic study varied from values close to the method sensitivity to values multiply exceeding the permissible level. Standard (routine) methods of peripheral blood lymphocytes cultivation were applied.

Predictability of acute radiation injury severity.

Results of dose-response analyses for different clinical symptoms of acute radiation syndrome (ARS) are reported here. The analyses were performed on dosimetric and clinical data from a group of ARS patients (59 cases) exposed to gamma and neutron or gamma radiation alone due to nuclear accidents at Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA). Findings suggested the possibility of prediction of injury severity within the first hours or days after acute exposure based on clinical symptoms and signs such as the onset of vomiting, neutrophil count abnormalities in the peripheral blood within the first 2-3 hours after acute exposure, and lymphocyte count abnormalities in the peripheral blood within the first 24-48 h after acute exposure.

[Long-term consequences of external gamma-radiation according to the results of the observation of the personnel of the first atomic power plant in the country].

The authors present a brief review of the results of many-year research into the clinical effects, consequences, and outcomes of occupational external gamma-radiation in a wide dose range. Chronic external gamma-radiation does not cause radiation-induced effects when it does not exceed the limit of the yearly dose for personnel. Tendency for cytopenia in peripheral blood (leukothrombocytopenia) appears when the maximum yearly dose is not less than 25 to 50.

[The chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes 43-46 years after the acute radiation disease].

Cytogenetic study of workers, who had an acute radiation syndrome of the medium (ARS II), severe (ARS III) and extremely severe (ARS III-IV) degrees in 1953-1957, was performed. Lymphocytes from peripheral blood were cultured and analyzed with using the routine chromosome staining (4 individuals) and FISH (2 individuals) methods. In each case 4000-1000 metaphase slides were analyzed with the group chromosome kariotyping.

Chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of peripheral blood among Mayak facility workers who inhaled insoluble forms of 239PU.

A cytogenetic study was performed on 79 plutonium (Pu) workers chronically exposed to alpha radiation from inhaled, low-transportable (insoluble) compounds of airborne 239Pu and to external gamma rays. Body burden estimates for 239Pu ranged from 0 to 15.5 kBq.