Effects of Astragaloside IV and Formononetin on Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Hepatocytes.

Over-accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causes hepatocyte dysfunction and apoptosis that might lead to the progression of liver damage. Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3), the main NAD+-dependent deacetylase located in mitochondria, has a critical role in regulation of mitochondrial function and ROS production as well as in the mitochondrial antioxidant mechanism. This study explores the roles of astragaloside IV (AST-IV) and formononetin (FMR) in connection with SIRT3 for potential antioxidative effects.

A novel polymer composite from polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride for high performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs).

In this study, we report the successful fabrication of a novel antibacterial triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using a polymer composite film based on polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMG). The composite materials, with optimised ingredient ratios, consist of PHMG, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as a crosslinking agent (PHMG-GA-PVA). Utilising 3D printing, these composite materials were directly deposited on the conductive substrates and used as positive TENG electrodes.

Assessing the Experiences of Sexual and Gender Minority Applicants to Orthopaedic Surgery Residency.

Introduction: The rate of sexual and gender minority (SGM) orthopaedic surgeons is far less than in other specialties, and the field has, in part, had significant difficulty attracting SGM applicants. To provide a more welcoming environment, identifying where applicants experience discrimination along medical training must be of paramount concern. Our objective was to understand the challenges faced by SGM medical students applying into orthopaedic surgery.

Diagnostic Assessment of Nuclear Cataracts Using a Smartphone-Attachable Slit-Lamp Device: A Cross-Sectional Study in Vietnam.

Purpose The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy and agreement in nuclear cataract opacity classification between the Smart Eye Camera (SEC) device, and the slit-lamp. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with a convenient sampling of 221 eyes from 139 patients with phakic eyes, visiting IVISION Eye Center, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, from November 1, 2023, to April 30, 2024. Two grading systems, Lucio-Buratto (Buratto) and World Health Organization (WHO), were used to compare the effectiveness of the two devices, with statistical analysis using Spearman's correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa to evaluate the agreement level.

Autoimmune Hepatitis and Vitamin D Deficiency: A Nationwide Perspective.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is linked to worse outcomes in patients with chronic liver diseases (CLD). However, data in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) remain limited.

Aims: We aimed to assess the impact of vitamin D deficiency on the outcomes of individuals with AIH.