Assessment of the Breast Density Prevalence in Swiss Women with a Deep Convolutional Neural Network: A Cross-Sectional Study.

High breast density is a risk factor for breast cancer and can reduce the sensitivity of mammography. Given the influence of breast density on patient risk stratification and screening accuracy, it is crucial to monitor the prevalence of extremely dense breasts within local populations. Moreover, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding breast density prevalence in Switzerland.

Calcification of the breasts due to loiasis.

A 53-year-old HIV-positive female from Cameroon was diagnosed with loiasis in 2013 due to symptoms of polyarthritis and laboratory confirmed eosinophilia. Because of high microfilaremia primary treatment was given with two courses of albendazol and ivermectin and completed with a course of diethylcarbamazine. Therapy was successful as symptoms, eosinophilia and microfilaremia disappeared.

Ultra-short echo-time magnetic resonance imaging distinguishes ischemia/reperfusion injury from acute rejection in a mouse lung transplantation model.

To investigate whether lung tissue characterization by ultra-short echo-time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows ischemia/reperfusion injury to be distinguished from acute rejection in a mouse lung transplantation model. After orthotopic lung transplantation with 6 mice receiving syngeneic (C57Bl/6) lung transplants and 6 mice receiving allogeneic (BALB/c) transplants, they underwent postoperative imaging using three-dimensional UTE-MRI (echo times TE = 50-5000 μs) and conventional T2-weighted fast spin-echo imaging. Quantitative T2* values of lung transplant parenchyma and spin density (SD) were compared by region-of-interest analysis.

Model-based iterative reconstruction for improvement of low-contrast detectability in liver CT at reduced radiation dose: ex-vivo experience.

Aim: To compare low-contrast detectability, and qualitative and quantitative image parameters on standard and reduced radiation dose abdominal CT reconstructed with filtered back projection (FBP) and model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR).

Materials And Methods: A custom built liver phantom containing 43 lesions was imaged at 120 kVp and four radiation dose levels (100% = 188 mAs, 50%, 25%, and 10%). Image noise and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) were assessed.

MR imaging relaxometry allows noninvasive characterization of in vivo differentiation of muscle precursor cells.

Purpose: To demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo monitoring of the myogenic differentiation process from human muscle precursor cells to mature skeletal muscle tissue by measuring characteristic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging relaxation and diffusion properties as a potential noninvasive diagnostic tool in muscle cell therapy.

Materials And Methods: The study was approved by the ethics committee for studies in humans and the animal care committee. The hypothesis was tested by means of subcutaneous injection of human muscle precursor cells from the rectus abdominis muscle into nude mice (n = 18).