Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) to Assess Infection Complications During the Acute Phase of Acute Pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) severity is correlated with systemic infection incidence in the acute phase, and it is important to assess inflammation during the disease course and to recognize infection at an early stage. As in sepsis, inflammation in AP impairs tissue oxygen metabolism and disrupts microcirculation. We performed a vascular occlusion test (VOT) via near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), which noninvasively monitors local oxygen in peripheral tissues, to evaluate tissue oxygen metabolism and blood circulation during the acute AP phase.

Impact of Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter-2 Inhibitors on Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension.

Patients with borderline pulmonary hypertension (PH) often experience shortness of breath or exacerbation of PH during exercise, known as exercise-induced PH. However, the pathogenesis of exercise-induced post-capillary PH (post-EIPH) and its treatment strategies remain unclear. Recent guidelines and consensus documents have highlighted the benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Nicaraven enhances the cytotoxicity of X-ray irradiation in cancer cells with homologous recombination deficiency.

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is involved in the repair of DNA single-strand breaks. PARP inhibitors are cytotoxic to cancer cells with homologous recombination (HR) deficiency through a synthetic lethality mechanism. Nicaraven is a hydroxyl radical scavenger that has been investigated for the treatment of organ ischemia such as brain infarction.

Succinic semialdehyde derived from the gut microbiota can promote the proliferation of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma cells.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a refractory blood cancer with severe immunodeficiency resulting from retroviral infection. ATLL develops in only 5 % of HTLV-1-infected individuals, but the entire mechanism of ATLL progression remains unknown. Since recent studies have reported that the gut microbiome influences the progression of various diseases, we hypothesized that ATLL is also related to the gut microbiome and aimed to investigate this relationship.