Ocular pharmacokinetics of subconjunctivally administered cyclosporine in the rabbit.

The authors assessed the ocular toxicity and pharmacokinetics of subconjunctivally and intravenously administered cyclosporine in New Zealand white rabbits. Fifteen rabbits received a subconjunctival injection of 5 (five animals), 10 (five animals) or 25 (five animals) mg of cyclosporine in 0.1 mL (intravenous solution of Sandimmune [50 mg/mL]); 5 mg was found to be the maximum tolerable dose.

Effect of subconjunctivally administered antineoplastics on experimentally induced intraocular malignant tumour.

Twice-weekly subconjunctival injections of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP), cytarabine (ARA-C) and methotrexate (12.5 mg, 20 mg, 75 mg and 12.5 mg per dose respectively) were used to treat Greene melanoma implanted in the anterior chamber of the eyes of three groups of New Zealand rabbits: group 1 (14 animals), the control group, received saline, group 2 (16 animals) received treatment beginning immediately after tumour implantation and group 3 (15 animals) received treatment starting 1 week after implantation.

Response of an ocular melanoma to subconjunctival injection of 5-thio-D-glucose or cis-platin.

Successful treatment of ocular tumours by chemotherapy and radiotherapy is sometimes limited by the special nature of the eye. Improvement is needed to avoid enucleation. Previous studies using locally administered antineoplastic agents have given promising results in the treatment of experimental ocular melanoma and spontaneous lymphoma.

Ocular penetration, toxicity, and radiosensitization effects of two hypoxic cell radiosensitizers on retinoblastoma.

Two new radiosensitizing drugs, SR-2508 and SR-2555, were studied for their in vivo toxicity and absorption properties. For both drugs, 100 mg dissolved in 0.5 mL of normal saline resulted in the maximum acceptable level of toxicity when injected subconjunctivally in rabbit eyes as determined by ocular and histopathologic changes.

Effects of subconjunctivally injected antineoplastic agents on three models of corneal inflammation.

Three models of corneal inflammation--acute toxic keratitis, phlyctenular keratitis and corneal graft rejection--were induced in rabbits and treated with subconjunctival injections of antineoplastic agents (methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside, 5-fluorouracil and 6-mercaptopurine) and Solu-Medrol (methylprednisolone sodium succinate). The inflammations responded to the drugs to various degrees when compared with the response in control animals treated with saline. Cytosine arabinoside effected a slight decrease in the clinical features of acute toxic keratitis, methotrexate was superior in decreasing inflammation and neovascularization in phlyctenular keratitis, and Solu-Medrol appeared to be the most useful in the treatment of graft rejection.