Increased levels of DNA methyltransferases in the placentas of women affected by Placenta Accreta Spectrum lead to aberrant DNA methylation patterns.

Placenta Accreta Spectrum (PAS) is a serious placental abnormality assosiated with significant maternal death during pregnancy. Due to its invasive characteristics resembling tumor growth, PAS is often associated with tumor-related proteins. While DNA methylation is known to regulate genes involved in development, its potential role in the development of PAS remains unclear.

Obesity induced by a high-fat diet changes p62 protein levels in mouse reproductive organs.

Obesity is one of the major risk factor for infertility since it causes decreased quality and quantity of gametes and a disrupted uterine environment which might result in miscarriage, stillbirth, and fetal abnormal growth. Obesity induces oxidative stress which is strongly associated with infertility. The clearing of oxidative stress by autophagy is maintained through the p62/ Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.

A narrative review of the histone acetylation and deacetylation during mammalian spermatogenesis.

Dynamic epigenetic control is essential for proper spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis is a unique mechanism that includes recombination, meiosis, and the conversion of histones to protamines. Epigenetics refers to the ability to modify gene expression without affecting DNA strands directly and helps to regulate the dynamic gene expression throughout the differentiation process of spermatogonium stem cells.

Altered DNA methylation and Dnmt expression in obese uterus may cause implantation failure.

Obesity is defined by increased adipose tissue volume and has become a major risk factor for reproduction. Recent studies have revealed a substantial link between obesity and epigenetics. The epigenome is dynamically regulated mainly by DNA methylation.

Antioxidant supplementation may effect DNA methylation patterns, apoptosis, and ROS levels in developing mouse embryos.

This study was designed to address the question: does antioxidant-containing embryo culture media affect DNA methyltransferases, global DNA methylation, inner cell mass/trophoblast differentiation, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis? Mouse zygotes were cultured in embryo culture media containing MitoQ, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), α-lipoic acid (ALA), or the mixture of NAC + ALC + ALA (AO) until the blastocyst stage, whereas in vivo-developed blastocysts were used as control. Protein expression levels of Dnmt1, 3a, 3b, and 3l enzymes were analyzed by immunofluorescence and western blot, while global DNA methylation, apoptosis, and ROS levels were evaluated by immunofluorescence. NAC, ALC, and MitoQ significantly increased the levels of all Dnmts and global methylation.