Measurement of femtosecond incoherent XUV pulses using shot-noise-driven fluctuations in plasma betatron sources.

The duration of incoherent XUV pulses down to the femtoseconds (fs) can be retrieved through a statistical analysis of the modulations on the observed radiation spectrum. Uncorrelated shot-noise fluctuations in the pulse temporal profile result in incoherent radiation showing a multispike spectrum where the spike width is inversely proportional to the pulse length. In this Letter, single-shot temporal characterization of the betatron radiation pulses emitted by fs-long, 100's MeV electron bunches undergoing acceleration, and propagating through a plasma wiggler was performed in the XUV domain.

Infrared Spectra of Small Radicals for Exoplanetary Spectroscopy: OH, NH, CN and CH: The State of Current Knowledge.

In this study, we present a current state-of-the-art review of middle-to-near IR emission spectra of four simple astrophysically relevant molecular radicals-OH, NH, CN and CH. The spectra of these radicals were measured by means of time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the 700-7500 cm spectral range and with 0.07-0.

Membrane bioreactor performance in treating Algiers' landfill leachate from using indigenous bacteria and inoculating with activated sludge.

This study focuses on the treatment of both organic and metallic pollution in the Staoueli landfill leachate. This leachate contains a large amount of organic and inorganic matter and it must imperatively be treated before being released into the environment. Our work presents a comparative study between two membrane sequenced batch bioreactors (B2 contains indigenous leachate bacteria and B1 contains activated sludge).

Termination of pregnancy following prenatal diagnosis in France: how severe are the foetal anomalies?

Objective: To determine how severe were the conditions leading to termination of pregnancy for foetal anomaly (TOPFA) in France.

Methods: Detailed indications for TOPFA were extracted from medical charts.

Results: Of 2465 completed records, indications were: chromosomal anomalies n = 963 (39.