Silencing Multiple Crustacean Hyperglycaemic Hormone-Encoding Genes in the Redclaw Crayfish Induces Faster Molt Rates with Anomalies.

RNA interference (RNAi)-based biotechnology has been previously implemented in decapod crustaceans. Unlike traditional RNAi methodologies that investigate single gene silencing, we employed a multigene silencing approach in decapods based on chimeric double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules coined 'gene blocks'. Two dsRNA constructs, each targeting three genes of the crustacean hyperglycaemic hormone (CHH) superfamily of neuropeptides, were produced: Type II construct targeting Molt-inhibiting hormone 1 (MIH1), MIH-like 1 (MIHL1), and MIHL2 isoforms and Type I construct targeting ion transport peptide (ITP; a putative hybrid of CHH and MIH) and CHH and CHH-like (CHHL) isoforms.

The role of SRP9/SRP14 in regulating Alu RNA.

SRP9/SRP14 is a protein heterodimer that plays a critical role in the signal recognition particle through its interaction with the scaffolding signal recognition particle RNA (7SL). SRP9/SRP14 binding to 7SL is mediated through a conserved structural motif that is shared with the primate-specific Alu RNA. Alu RNA are transcription products of Alu elements, a retroelement that comprises ~10% of the human genome.

Horizontal inequity in the use of mental healthcare in Australia.

For people experiencing mental health problems, timely access to high-quality healthcare is imperative for improving outcomes. However, limited availability of services, high out-of-pocket costs, insufficient health literacy and stigmatizing attitudes may mean people do not receive the necessary treatment. We analyze Australian longitudinal data to document the extent and predictors of horizontal inequity in mental healthcare use among people with a newly developed mild or moderate mental disorder.

Sinoatrial node function and the role of sinoatrial conduction in the typical atrial flutter substrate.

Background: Sinoatrial node (SAN) activation and sinoatrial conduction pathways (SACPs) have been assessed in animals but not in humans.

Objectives: We used ultrahigh-density mapping and simulated models to characterize the SAN and to investigate whether slowed SAN conduction may contribute to the atrial flutter (AFL) substrate.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients undergoing electrophysiologic procedures had right atrial mapping.

Influence of Linear Diamine Counterions on the Self-Assembly of Glycine-, Alanine-, Valine-, and Leucine-Based Amphiphiles.

Electrical conductimetry and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used to investigate the aggregation behaviors of four amino acid-based surfactants (AABSs; undecanoyl-glycine, undecanoyl--alanine, undecanoyl--valine, undecanoyl--leucine) in the presence of five linear diamine counterions (1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane, 1,6-diaminohexane). Electrical conductimetry was used to measure the CMCs for each system, which ranged from 5.1 to 22.