Dual A2A/A2B Adenosine Receptor Antagonist M1069 Counteracts Immunosuppressive Mechanisms of Adenosine and Reduces Tumor Growth In Vivo.

While A2A adenosine receptor (AR) was considered as a major contributor to adenosine-mediated immunosuppression, A2B, having the lowest affinity to adenosine, has also emerged as a potential contributor to tumor promotion. Therefore, in adenosine-rich tumor microenvironment (TME), where A2B could be complementary and/or compensatory to A2A, simultaneous targeting of A2A and A2B ARs can provide higher potential for cancer immunotherapy. We developed M1069-a highly selective dual antagonist of the A2A and A2B AR.

Pollution exposure in the first 3 months post transplant is associated with lower baseline FEV and higher CLAD risk.

Background: Exposure to air pollution post-lung transplant has been shown to decrease graft and patient survival. This study examines the impact of air pollution exposure in the first 3 months post-transplant on baseline (i.e.

Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction: Clinical Manifestations and Immunologic Mechanisms.

The term "chronic lung allograft dysfunction" has emerged to describe the clinical syndrome of progressive, largely irreversible dysfunction of pulmonary allografts. This umbrella term comprises 2 major clinical phenotypes: bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and restrictive allograft syndrome. Here, we discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnostic challenges, and potential therapeutic avenues to address this major barrier to improved long-term outcomes.