Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling and Simulation to Support a Change in the FDA-Labeled Dosing Frequency of RHB-105 Low-Dose Rifabutin Triple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication.

Patient adherence is vital for Helicobacter pylori eradication. Simplifying therapy dosing schedules may promote patient adherence, enhance treatment success rates, and help mitigate the development of antibiotic resistance. We aimed to assess plasma and intragastric rifabutin, amoxicillin, and omeprazole concentrations comparing two dosing schedules of RHB-105 (every 8 h and a more flexible three-times daily schedule, at 8 a.

Biological Markers in the Gingival Crevicular Fluid Associated with External Invasive Resorption: A Split-Mouth Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the levels of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), interleukin-1β, osteopontin, and tissue necrotizing factor-α in teeth with external invasive resorption (EIR) in comparison to the contralateral healthy tooth of the same patient.

Methods: Twenty-nine patients with at least one tooth with EIR and a healthy tooth on the contralateral side (33 paired teeth) were included. Data on patient demographics and medical and dental history were collected.

Peptic Ulcer Disease: A Review.

Importance: In the US, peptic ulcer disease affects 1% of the population and approximately 54 000 patients are admitted to the hospital annually for bleeding peptic ulcers.

Observations: Approximately 10% of patients presenting with upper abdominal pain in a primary care setting have a peptic ulcer as the cause of their symptoms. The principal causes of peptic ulcer disease are Helicobacter pylori infection, which affects approximately 42% of patients with peptic ulcer disease, and aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use, which are etiologic factors in approximately 36% of people with peptic ulcer disease.

Endoscopic Diagnosis, Grading, and Treatment of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer Disease.

Peptic ulcer bleeding is a major cause for hospital admissions and has a significant mortality. Endoscopic interventions reduce the risk of rebleeding in high-risk patients and several options are available including injection therapies, thermal therapies, mechanical clips, hemostatic sprays, and endoscopic suturing. Proton-pump inhibitors and Helicobacter pylori treatment are important adjuncts to endoscopic therapy.

Developments in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease over the Last 40 Years.

Background: The last 40 years have seen a remarkable change in our understanding of reflux disease.

Summary: These changes encompass disease definition and impact, pathophysiology, diagnostic testing, regulatory oversight of clinical trials, pharmacotherapy, endoscopic, and surgical treatment. We have also seen a number of promising therapies fail.